Sperm freezing was performed according to Kim et al. Only a few studies have focused on the effects of QRN supplementation during the thawing process.
MINITUBE BOAR SEMEN FREEZING FREE
QRN possesses antioxidative and free radical scavenging properties, as revealed by several in vitro and in vivo studies. Moreover, QRN has been used for freezing semen of several farm animal species and in humans. QRN has antioxidant properties it can efficiently scavenge free radicals and chelate metal ions. Quercetin (QRN) (2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one) is a flavonoid found in a variety of fruits and vegetables. Similarly, glutathione has been added as a supplement to reduce free radicals during the freeze–thaw procedure, and a combination of lutein, Trolox, and ascorbic acid improved sperm characteristics after cryopreservation. Alpha-tocopherol has shown high competence in cryopreserved boar sperm.
Strategies using antioxidants have been introduced to overcome the drawbacks associated with sperm freezing in pigs. QRN has been used for semen cryopreservation in humans and different animal species and has shown beneficial effects on sperm characteristics and functions after sperm freezing and thawing. Previous reports have demonstrated the importance of antioxidants during cryopreservation of boar semen, such as tocopherols, reduced glutathione, and a combination of lutein, Trolox, and ascorbic acid. Consequently, results include infertility issues due to the reduced sperm motility and interference in sperm–oocyte interaction.
OS associated with freeze–thaw is due to an enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production that severely damages different cellular components including lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. The main reasons for inefficient freezing include the sensitivity of pig sperm to low temperatures and intolerance to oxidative stress (OS). Therefore, supplementing the freezing extender with QRN can serve as an effective tool to reduce the magnitude of oxidative damage associated with sperm freezing.Īrtificial insemination using frozen pig semen still has a low success rate due to inefficient freeze–thaw procedures. Moreover, the 50 µM QRN group showed a higher sperm number displaced to 1 cm and 3 cm points in the artificial mucus than other groups. 39.1 ± 0.9 and 41.9 ± 1.0) but showed no difference with the 100 µM QRN group. The mitochondrial activity of the 50 µM QRN group was greater than control and 25 µM QRN groups (43.0 ± 1.0 vs. Semen samples supplemented with 50 µM QRN showed significantly improved plasma membrane functional integrity (47.5 ± 1.4 vs. Results demonstrated that the semen samples supplemented with 50 µM QRN significantly improved the post-thaw sperm quality than those subjected to other supplementations ( p < 0.05). Semen analysis was performed following 7 days of cryopreservation. Four equal aliquots of pooled boar semen were diluted with a freezing extender supplemented with different concentrations of QRN (0, 25, 50, and 100 µM) and then were subjected to cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen. We aimed to improve the post-thaw quality of pig sperm by quercetin (QRN) supplementation to reduce the cryodamage associated with the freeze–thaw procedure. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced during freeze–thaw procedures cause oxidative damage to the sperm, reducing fertility.
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